The Kapili-Jamuna valley of Assam, situated in the modern districts of Nagaon, Marigaon and Hojai in Central Assam is rich in archaeological remains, especially, temple ruins and sculptures and has been a major seat of cultural development, attracting human habitations since distant past. Historically, the valley first finds mention in Allahabad Pillar inscription of Samudragupta datable to 4th century CE. This inscription refers to the Kingdom of Devaka (identified with the Doboka region of present Hojai district) along with the eastern frontier kingdoms, such as Kamarupa whose rulers paid allegiance to the reigning Gupta monarch. That the area served as an important political centre as well as a thriving cultural zone under the historical dynasties of early Assam, namely the Varmanas, the Salasthambas and the Palas may be proved by the rich remains found spreading throughout the valley. Almost all the major archaeological sites of the valley such as, Jogijan, Mikirati, Doboka, Sankhyadevi, Shivpur, Rajabari, Mahadeo-sal, Vasundhari, Kawai-Mari, Amtala, and Gach-Tal are located in close proximity to the rivers, the rivers facilitating the spread of different artistic traditions. Considering the historical and archaeological significance of the valley, a detailed documentation and an in-depth study of the remains is an utmost necessity which would evidently throw light into various aspects of the socio-economic as well cultural history of the region. The paper is an attempt in this direction.